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Some of them have advanced in elaborating of appropriate legislation and regulation, in initiation and support of appropriate training and education activity, and in trial incorporation of elements and rules of ICAM into the process of coastal program development. The efforts undertaken by the countries include evaluation of coastal resource potential and situation with its utilisation, and study of international experience. At the same time availability of international experience, and high-qualified professionals in marine sciences and good higher school system in some of the countries are among positive factors for development of integrated coastal area management (ICAM). Their situation is complicated also by: lack of rational system of economical relations, lack of mechanisms for the settlement and prevention of conflicts, and lack of market economy regulation experience. For four out of five countries the time has coincided with transitional period to market economy characterised, among others, by ownership form changes, essential modification of national, provincial and local roles in governance, and decreased attention paid to the environment issues under deterioration of socio-economic conditions. The following heritage is typical for all of them: their development traditionally and historically is sectoral, there are significant conflicts of interests, the existing management system does not suit to the modern requirements and environmental principles, and as a result, populated coastal areas are significantly degraded. Tel: +7-095-229 02 82, Fax: +7-095-925 96 09Į-mail: of the Environment, Marine Environment Bureau, 187, Nejatollahi Str., Tehran, I.R.Iran.Į-mail: the middle of nineties the Caspian region began its way to modern managerial practice at the coasts. (1 )Ministry of Industry, Science and Technologies of the Russian Federation, Department of Life and Earth Sciences, 11, Tverskaya Str., Moscow, 103905 Russia. (Special Volume of the Comacchio Session)ĭevelopment of Integrated Coastal Area Management at the Caspian Sea
Land-based Sources of Pollution and LitterĬoastal Processes, Erosion Control and Shoreline Management Coastal Geology, Sedimentology, Geomorphology and GeochemistryĬlimatic Change and Foreseeable Impacts on Deltas:Ī New Challenge for the Conservation of Protected Area
Invasive Species, Toxic Organisms and Harmful Algal Blooms Tools and Instruments for Integrated Coastal ManagementĬonservation Issues, Endangered Species, Protected AreasĬoastal Land Use, Impacts and DegradationĬoastal and Marine Biology, Ecology and Ecosystems Proceedings of The Sixth International Conference on the Mediterranean Coastal Environment
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